Working memory, adaptable thinking, and the ability to exert willpower are all components of executive function. We rely on these abilities daily to study, work, and navigate our lives.

You can look at executive function as the brain's management system. The acquired abilities enable us to organize, prioritize, and accomplish our goals and plans. When people have difficulties with executive function skills, it impacts their daily lives at home, in the classroom, and at the workplace.

In general, you can break down executive functions into three categories.

Working memory is one of the many executive functions of the brain. It allows us to keep track of multiple pieces of information while multitasking.

Visualize working memory as a virtual post-it note that you can access momentarily. New information is stored there while the brain briefly processes it and makes associations with other data.

People can use working memory for more than just the short term. It helps the brain in filing away new information for safekeeping. When people have difficulties with working memory, their brains may store information in a disorganized manner. There's a chance they won't save anything permanently.

The ability to think of problems or situations in novel or alternative ways is what we mean when we talk about flexible thinking.

It helps us make sense of the unknown, determine how to proceed, respond effectively to shifts in circumstances, and incorporate new information into our plans and ideas. Self-regulation and the ability to deal with intense emotions benefit significantly from a mind open to new ways of thinking.

Things don't always go as planned in life, but when people have the mental agility to adapt, they're less likely to unravel completely.

Self-control is a group of skills that allows kids and adults to manage their thoughts, actions, and emotions so they can get things done.

Everyone exercises restraint daily, even if it's just to sit still, wait for one's turn, or follow a set protocol. Self-control, however, is a nuanced talent that requires practice. Children begin developing self-control at a young age and continue doing so well into adulthood.​

When people are given favorable conditions to hone their executive function and self-regulation abilities, they and society reap the rewards throughout their lives.

Executive function skills are crucial for everyone, but they are especially important for people with disabilities to help them navigate life and all its complexities.
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​Those who use their executive function skills can better remember and carry out complex instructions, refrain from acting impulsively, and deal with change. They stand a better chance of living a healthy life and maintaining relationships, and their goals remain in reach.